Use Fermi estimation and market sizing logic to generate credible quantitative arguments in GDs without a spreadsheet.
THE MARKET SIZING CHAIN Total Population → Relevant Segment → Penetration Rate → Usage Frequency → Revenue Per Unit = Market Size Example (Organized Fast Food in India): Urban + semi-urban: 600M % who eat at fast food monthly: ~35% = 210M people Monthly visits per person: ~1.5 Revenue per visit: ~₹250 Monthly market = 210M × 1.5 × ₹250 = ₹78,750 crore/month Annual ≈ ₹9.5 lakh crore [actual ~₹60,000 crore — we overestimated, but right order of magnitude]
GD: "Telemedicine is the future of Indian healthcare." WITHOUT estimation: "Telemedicine has a lot of potential in India because of our large population." WITH estimation: "Let me quickly size the opportunity. India has roughly 1 billion people without easy access to quality healthcare. If 10% adopt telemedicine once a year at ₹500 per consultation, that's ₹50,000 crore from rural and semi-urban users alone — not counting urban convenience users. The infrastructure exists — 820 million internet users, cheap data. The bottleneck is not demand but doctor supply on platforms." The second contribution dominates because it quantifies the opportunity before arguing for it.
In this GD, contribute at least one quantitative estimate. Even if approximate, presenting the logic of how you arrived at it is more impressive than citing a memorized number. 'Using a rough estimate: India ships X billion packages annually at Y average cost — giving a market of Z' is the target format.
Estimate the potential market size for a premium online fitness platform targeting urban Indian professionals aged 25–45.
💡 Hint: Use the Market Sizing Chain. Target segment first: urban professionals in this age bracket (~60–70 million people). Then: what percentage might pay for premium fitness content? At what monthly price? Build to a market size. Then consider growth rate and competitive density.
The 3-Minute Market Sizer: Answer 3 market sizing questions, 60 seconds each. Questions: (1) Annual market for edtech in India, (2) Number of cars sold in India per day, (3) Annual market for packaged drinking water in India. Record all three. Is your logic clear? Are assumptions stated? Are numbers in a reasonable range?
Rate yourself honestly on today's performance. Track this across 30 days to measure growth.
TCS strategy consultants working with government clients must make data-heavy arguments to officials who are not data-literate. The challenge: be rigorous without being incomprehensible.
A consultant is presenting to a state government official about digitising land records. The official is skeptical about cost.
Instead of 'the cost-benefit ratio is 3.2x over 7 years', the consultant said: 'For every 1 rupee spent, the government recovers 3 rupees in reduced litigation within 7 years. Andhra Pradesh spent 400 crores in 2019 and saved 1,200 crores.' Numbers became stories. The project was approved.
In a GD, numbers work best when they tell a story. Don't just cite statistics — connect them to a consequence, a comparison, or a human reality.
Memorise 5 business statistics about India. For each one, find a comparison or consequence that makes it meaningful. Use at least one in every GD you do.
Take this statistic: 'India spends 3.1% of GDP on education.' Make it meaningful by adding context, comparison, and consequence in 3 sentences.
Complete all exercises and the speaking drill before marking complete. This unlocks Day 15.